Oil burner



Sept. 2, 1930'. MARION 1,774,937

' 01L BURNER Filed March '7, 1929 INVENTOR.

MA RI 0 N 9 A TTORNE Y.

Patented Sept. 2.193s

unrrsn srA'rss FRANK MARION, 0F BARRE, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR T0 GREEN MOUNTAIN OIL BURNER CORPORATION, OF ST. JOHNSBURY, VERMONT, A CORPORATION OF VERMONT OIL BURNER Application filed March 7,

The invention relates to improvements in oil burners, particularly of the retort type eflicient combustion. It is an important aim A further important aim is to of the invention to present novel means for effecting the movement of the mixture of fuel and air to the end that a thorough commingling of the two may be efiected. At

the same time, while attaining this purpose,

it is an advantage of the invention that the parts are extremely simple and adapted to be assembled by simple superposition of the parts. Another object is to effect a novel coordination of movement of admitted air entering the burner with respect to the oil fuel to enhance the efliciency of distribution of the oil upon heating surfaces, and consequent vaporization of the fuel. Another important aim of the invention is to enable the presentation of a device having these advantages while at the same time enabling the retention in a simple form of the usual safety features.

the device that it may be readily taken apart and cleaned without the use of tools in the 1 this trough -19 at a suitable 'oint, and may operation, and without disturbing the fue connections.

Additional objects, advantages and features of invention reside in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts involved in the producticm of the invention, as may be readily understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a burner constructed in accordance with my invention.

' Figure 2 is a top view thereof, with parts broken away.

Figure 3 is a section on the Figure 2. r

i There is illustrated a burner comprising a bowl section 10, which-while shown as of circular form-may be made in any other forms as desired, this bowl atone point having a sleeve or hollow lug 11 on the lower side receiving adjustably a supporting leg line 3-3 of so construct 1929. Serial No. 345,197.

12, the foot plate 12 of which is adapted to be set upon a grate for support of the burner within the fire-box, as will be understood. The leg 12 is-held in adjusted position on the burner by a set screw 13 engaged through the side of the sleeve 11. A central opening is formed through the bowl, having a downwardly extending nipple 14, which receives the upturned end of an air-pipe 15 which is customarily led from any usual blower device, formally illustrated at 16. The bowl is in the form of a somewhat shallow basin, and is formed with a concentric oil groove 16 in close and circumscribing relation to the opening through the center of the bowl. An oil supply pipe 17 is connected into the bottom of this groove from below the bowl, and any usual supply connection made with a reservoir and control valve automatic or hand controlled, as may be desired. The bowl proper terminates at the extremity of its outwardly sloping extension of the bowl is formed,gas an annular idefhi'gher than of the bowl e'bottom of p'e 17, as is and upwardly. curved bottom at I 18. Just outwardly of this a further integral 21 forming the bottom of the chamber, and

a top piece or cap 22 forming the upper part thereof. The plate 21 is circular in form, having a central opening therethrough from which there is extended downwardly an integral tube or nipple -23, adapted to set snugly or removably in the upper part of the nipple 14 of the bowl, which is extended above the bowl to support the plate.

The cap 22 comprises a circular plate having a. depending peripheral flange 24; and a series of legs 25 adapted to rest upon the plate 21 and secured thereto by screws 25' support the flange 24 in spaced relation to the'plate 21. The plate 21 is formed with a multiplicity of apertures 26, all of which have an inclination from above downwardly in a merely clockwise direction, as illustrated. reason of this inclination, air admitted through the conduit 15 to the chamber and passing downwardly through the openings 26 be given a clockwise movement in that portion of the bowl beneath the plate 21. Certain of the apertures 26 are so located as to direct the air passing therethrough into the oil groove 16 while the others are variously spaced outwardly thereof. Garried upon the depending flang 24 there is a multiplicity of curved vanes 28, which are extended downwardly so as to lie in a zone coincident horizontally with the slot 30 which is formed between the flange 2'1 and the plate 21. As a'resultof the provision of these vanes, air passaging outwardly through this slot will be. given a clockwise rotary movement, and this air will impinge upon the current passing outwardly from the bowl, andproduce a flattening of the flame resulting when the mixture of. air and fuel is ignited.

It will be seen that access to the interior of the air distributing chamber may be gained by'simply removing the cap 22, and similarly complete access to all oil receiving and vaporizing channels in the bowl portion of the burner is attained by lifting ojd the plate 21 and nipple 23 of the air distributing chamher. This latter may be accomplished manually, as it is not necessary to remove the bowl part for access to oil passages for there are none which are not uncovered by removal of the parts described.

In case the burner is not made at circular form, theinclinatipn of the vanes 28 may be varied, in order to produce the desired eddies and counter-currents to efiect proper mixture, as required.

In the use of this device, when the mixture passing therethrough is ignited, the cap 22 and plate 21, as well as the bowl, become high- 1y heated, and the fuel when aitted through the ipe 17 becomes quickly va orized in the c annel 16. Distribution or oil around the channel is facilitated by having certain .of thejets 26 directed toward the channel so that the oil is propelled by air admitted from the point of entrance and around the channel. The vapor thus produced is quickly formed with the air admitted through the plate 21 into a primary mixture by the successive jets arran ed radially, and the fact that they are inclined so that the entire body of mixture beneath the plate is moving orbitally results in each air jet projected from the plate 21 encountering resh bodies of gas constantly, so that a thorough admixture is efiected in this primary stage. The upwardly directed edge portion of the bowl then causes the outwardly passing mixture to move across the path of will air being ejected from the slot 30 and the element of radial movement in the air passin outwardly through the slot produces verticsfi eddies in the mixture moving outwardly from the bowl, while the clockwise movement induced by the vanes28 results in the whole mass moving orbitally with a series of horizontal eddies in such closely spaced relation that each one at its outer part encounters oppositely moving masses of the eddy from the next adjacent vane, the whole maintaining an element of horizontal movement. This mixture being ignited, propagation of the flame occurs in this violently agitated radially moving portion, and partly under the plate 21, so that the latter and the bowl become highly heated. Consequently the air within the chamber above also becomes heated, and that portion passing outwardly through the slot is able to complete combustion eficient- 1y, being heated by the vanes also.

It will be seen that the parts are adapted to be cast readily with simple molds and without requiring any cores, so that it may be produced at an extremely low cost. It may be assembled and installed with a minimum of labor or other expense and its repair and upkeep likewise made eficient.

I claim l. A burner of the character described comprising a bowl having a central air inlet opening anda circumscribing oil groove adj acent the opening, means for supplying oil to the groove, an air distributer chamber communicating with the air inlet opening and comprising a lower plate adapted to be supported over the bowl and having a plurality of apertures which are inclined from above downwardly in a generally clockwise direction, and a cap member set thereon having a depending peripheral flange spaced from the plate to form an air ejecting slot above the lip of the bowl.

2. The structure of claim 1 in which said cap is provided with a multiplicity of lateral vanes in the same horizontal zone with the slot shaped to produce turning effects on air passing from the slot.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

FRANK MARION. 

